1
00:00:05,829 --> 00:00:03,510
now expedition 40 began on board the

2
00:00:08,310 --> 00:00:05,839
international space station in mid-may

3
00:00:10,230 --> 00:00:08,320
it runs through mid-september when the

4
00:00:13,110 --> 00:00:10,240
swanson schwarzoff and artemia have

5
00:00:15,350 --> 00:00:13,120
returned home which makes this roughly

6
00:00:17,189 --> 00:00:15,360
the midpoint of this increment and today

7
00:00:19,510 --> 00:00:17,199
we get an update on the science of this

8
00:00:21,269 --> 00:00:19,520
mission from yuri grenade ramirez who is

9
00:00:23,590 --> 00:00:21,279
the expedition 40 lead increment

10
00:00:25,589 --> 00:00:23,600
scientist good morning

11
00:00:28,150 --> 00:00:25,599
halfway through this increment has there

12
00:00:29,910 --> 00:00:28,160
been a science highlight so far

13
00:00:32,870 --> 00:00:29,920
good morning pat thank you for having me

14
00:00:35,270 --> 00:00:32,880
again uh we have had uh the initiation

15
00:00:37,910 --> 00:00:35,280
of expedition 40 with

16
00:00:40,310 --> 00:00:37,920
in a tumult of activities uh spacex 3

17
00:00:41,830 --> 00:00:40,320
was completing its mission uh and we

18
00:00:45,270 --> 00:00:41,840
wrapped up all of the crossover science

19
00:00:46,549 --> 00:00:45,280
that took place during that mission

20
00:00:49,110 --> 00:00:46,559
and

21
00:00:51,990 --> 00:00:49,120
after that was completed we were able to

22
00:00:53,910 --> 00:00:52,000
engage in the completion of several an

23
00:00:56,310 --> 00:00:53,920
initiation and completion of several of

24
00:00:58,229 --> 00:00:56,320
the experiments that arrived

25
00:01:01,110 --> 00:00:58,239
like opals for example on the external

26
00:01:02,470 --> 00:01:01,120
platform uh side of the house we were

27
00:01:04,229 --> 00:01:02,480
able to finish all the checkout

28
00:01:06,710 --> 00:01:04,239
activation commissioning type of

29
00:01:10,149 --> 00:01:06,720
activities and

30
00:01:12,950 --> 00:01:10,159
successfully transmitted uh a data

31
00:01:15,830 --> 00:01:12,960
set uh in a video i had definition video

32
00:01:17,350 --> 00:01:15,840
from the station via laser right and

33
00:01:19,670 --> 00:01:17,360
that was very exciting to see that the

34
00:01:23,109 --> 00:01:19,680
technology worked uh really well

35
00:01:24,310 --> 00:01:23,119
uh the investigation will continue uh to

36
00:01:25,830 --> 00:01:24,320
understand better uh the

37
00:01:27,270 --> 00:01:25,840
characterization of the atmosphere and

38
00:01:28,550 --> 00:01:27,280
how that interferes with the laser

39
00:01:31,429 --> 00:01:28,560
communication

40
00:01:33,749 --> 00:01:31,439
and uh but it certainly is opening up

41
00:01:36,310 --> 00:01:33,759
our ability to transmit

42
00:01:39,510 --> 00:01:36,320
bigger and larger types of files in a

43
00:01:42,310 --> 00:01:39,520
much more fast time

44
00:01:44,389 --> 00:01:42,320
um i mentioned earlier in the program

45
00:01:45,910 --> 00:01:44,399
today the work with an experiment called

46
00:01:48,069 --> 00:01:45,920
forced shoes and this has just gotten

47
00:01:49,350 --> 00:01:48,079
started in the last couple of days

48
00:01:51,030 --> 00:01:49,360
what is that about what are the crew

49
00:01:52,630 --> 00:01:51,040
members doing here

50
00:01:54,550 --> 00:01:52,640
that's right

51
00:01:56,870 --> 00:01:54,560
we have uh several countermeasure

52
00:01:59,429 --> 00:01:56,880
exercise devices on station to keep the

53
00:02:02,310 --> 00:01:59,439
uh cruise health as as most everybody is

54
00:02:04,550 --> 00:02:02,320
aware in microgravity the body suffers a

55
00:02:06,310 --> 00:02:04,560
toll by not having that constant pull of

56
00:02:08,150 --> 00:02:06,320
the gravity so we have to work very hard

57
00:02:09,589 --> 00:02:08,160
at maintaining that

58
00:02:12,550 --> 00:02:09,599
that muscle mass

59
00:02:14,470 --> 00:02:12,560
in in the bone atrophy prevention so

60
00:02:15,910 --> 00:02:14,480
one of the exercise devices that we have

61
00:02:17,110 --> 00:02:15,920
on board is arid

62
00:02:18,070 --> 00:02:17,120
and

63
00:02:20,070 --> 00:02:18,080
one of the

64
00:02:22,710 --> 00:02:20,080
pieces that we've been missing is being

65
00:02:24,309 --> 00:02:22,720
able to correlate the data of the force

66
00:02:25,270 --> 00:02:24,319
that is being impacted as the crew

67
00:02:27,190 --> 00:02:25,280
members

68
00:02:29,270 --> 00:02:27,200
perform the exercises

69
00:02:32,550 --> 00:02:29,280
and as you mentioned earlier we we will

70
00:02:34,869 --> 00:02:32,560
be able to take this data and

71
00:02:37,830 --> 00:02:34,879
analyze it and be able to come up with a

72
00:02:38,949 --> 00:02:37,840
much more customized workout for the

73
00:02:40,949 --> 00:02:38,959
crew members

74
00:02:42,949 --> 00:02:40,959
which has a range of applications down

75
00:02:45,830 --> 00:02:42,959
here on on earth as well for for folks

76
00:02:47,270 --> 00:02:45,840
that may need a a very specific set of

77
00:02:48,630 --> 00:02:47,280
exercise

78
00:02:51,670 --> 00:02:48,640
devices they're going to be wearing

79
00:02:53,509 --> 00:02:51,680
these shoes that are are somehow helping

80
00:02:54,630 --> 00:02:53,519
to measure the forces that are being

81
00:02:56,470 --> 00:02:54,640
imparted

82
00:02:57,750 --> 00:02:56,480
up toward them that's correct that's

83
00:03:00,070 --> 00:02:57,760
exactly how it works and they'll collect

84
00:03:02,149 --> 00:03:00,080
the data transmit it down for the the

85
00:03:03,430 --> 00:03:02,159
community to review they will go through

86
00:03:04,550 --> 00:03:03,440
a range of

87
00:03:05,670 --> 00:03:04,560
of

88
00:03:07,750 --> 00:03:05,680
pound force

89
00:03:09,990 --> 00:03:07,760
measurements and try to characterize how

90
00:03:11,190 --> 00:03:10,000
the arid is

91
00:03:12,630 --> 00:03:11,200
impacting that

92
00:03:15,190 --> 00:03:12,640
imparting that load

93
00:03:16,949 --> 00:03:15,200
there's also a new uh experiment that's

94
00:03:19,030 --> 00:03:16,959
i believe coming up on the cygnus

95
00:03:21,509 --> 00:03:19,040
vehicle uh next week that has to do with

96
00:03:23,830 --> 00:03:21,519
the clothes the crew members wear

97
00:03:25,750 --> 00:03:23,840
that's right um you you know one of the

98
00:03:27,270 --> 00:03:25,760
questions that people may may or may not

99
00:03:29,430 --> 00:03:27,280
think about is we don't really have a

100
00:03:31,110 --> 00:03:29,440
good way of doing laundry on space we

101
00:03:33,030 --> 00:03:31,120
have no way of doing it there's no

102
00:03:35,910 --> 00:03:33,040
washing machine right once you wear an

103
00:03:37,350 --> 00:03:35,920
apparel and it's it's worn to the very

104
00:03:39,430 --> 00:03:37,360
end um

105
00:03:42,710 --> 00:03:39,440
you have to dispose of it and there's a

106
00:03:44,710 --> 00:03:42,720
lot of up mass cargo that comes up

107
00:03:47,670 --> 00:03:44,720
that we we dedicate to be able to have

108
00:03:50,949 --> 00:03:47,680
the clothes for the the crew members

109
00:03:52,390 --> 00:03:50,959
typically we are use cotton type fabrics

110
00:03:54,149 --> 00:03:52,400
and in this investigation they're

111
00:03:56,390 --> 00:03:54,159
investigating they're looking at

112
00:03:57,350 --> 00:03:56,400
new types of material in these fabrics

113
00:03:59,509 --> 00:03:57,360
that are

114
00:04:02,229 --> 00:03:59,519
not only lighter in in the weight aspect

115
00:04:05,190 --> 00:04:02,239
which will can reduce the up mass but

116
00:04:09,990 --> 00:04:05,200
they're also treated with antimicrobial

117
00:04:15,270 --> 00:04:13,670
substance treatment to to prevent that

118
00:04:16,949 --> 00:04:15,280
bacteria growth so

119
00:04:18,390 --> 00:04:16,959
we are trying to figure out how long can

120
00:04:20,390 --> 00:04:18,400
we have the crew members wear these

121
00:04:23,270 --> 00:04:20,400
clothes will it last a lot longer than

122
00:04:24,550 --> 00:04:23,280
their cotton counterparts and

123
00:04:25,830 --> 00:04:24,560
by virtue of

124
00:04:27,189 --> 00:04:25,840
the crew member being able to wear it

125
00:04:28,950 --> 00:04:27,199
longer

126
00:04:31,430 --> 00:04:28,960
and it being lighter it'll save up mass

127
00:04:33,990 --> 00:04:31,440
that will allow us to bring other cargo

128
00:04:36,469 --> 00:04:34,000
but it will also

129
00:04:38,710 --> 00:04:36,479
by not having the cotton fabric

130
00:04:40,710 --> 00:04:38,720
may also reduce maintenance on station

131
00:04:42,710 --> 00:04:40,720
because of all the filters that get

132
00:04:44,550 --> 00:04:42,720
clogged up with the materials so we're

133
00:04:45,990 --> 00:04:44,560
looking at several benefits uh and and

134
00:04:48,629 --> 00:04:46,000
of course some of the applications could

135
00:04:51,270 --> 00:04:48,639
be down here on earth uh we might be

136
00:04:53,270 --> 00:04:51,280
able to to have that for areas with

137
00:04:53,990 --> 00:04:53,280
remote locations where laundry is not as

138
00:04:56,230 --> 00:04:54,000
uh

139
00:04:58,710 --> 00:04:56,240
speaking of up mass the cygnus vehicle

140
00:05:00,469 --> 00:04:58,720
is carrying a lot of different

141
00:05:02,230 --> 00:05:00,479
experiments that are

142
00:05:03,909 --> 00:05:02,240
coming from students around the world

143
00:05:05,749 --> 00:05:03,919
what kind of things are they are these

144
00:05:07,430 --> 00:05:05,759
experiments looking into

145
00:05:09,670 --> 00:05:07,440
it's really fascinating to look at some

146
00:05:11,670 --> 00:05:09,680
of the descriptions of the students

147
00:05:14,950 --> 00:05:11,680
hypotheses that they've come up with

148
00:05:15,749 --> 00:05:14,960
that the range is wide in variety you

149
00:05:17,749 --> 00:05:15,759
have

150
00:05:19,909 --> 00:05:17,759
anywhere from radiation

151
00:05:22,310 --> 00:05:19,919
investigations to

152
00:05:24,390 --> 00:05:22,320
growth of different kinds of plants

153
00:05:26,629 --> 00:05:24,400
impacts on on

154
00:05:28,790 --> 00:05:26,639
even a jellyfish type of investigation

155
00:05:30,950 --> 00:05:28,800
where they're they're looking at

156
00:05:33,189 --> 00:05:30,960
whether or not growing in space could

157
00:05:34,870 --> 00:05:33,199
affect the ability of the the jellyfish

158
00:05:39,830 --> 00:05:34,880
to

159
00:05:41,990 --> 00:05:39,840
navigation kind of system as part of the

160
00:05:45,110 --> 00:05:42,000
the vestibular system

161
00:05:49,029 --> 00:05:47,270
anyhow i'm just just a

162
00:05:50,230 --> 00:05:49,039
really really wide variety those are

163
00:05:52,230 --> 00:05:50,240
just some of the examples that come to

164
00:05:54,150 --> 00:05:52,240
mind and it's and and these are a lot of

165
00:05:55,350 --> 00:05:54,160
them being coordinated uh through a

166
00:05:57,590 --> 00:05:55,360
private company that's helping to

167
00:06:00,150 --> 00:05:57,600
arrange the flight of all of these

168
00:06:02,150 --> 00:06:00,160
exactly cases uh i'm sorry an anorex uh

169
00:06:03,430 --> 00:06:02,160
excuse me is um is the company that's

170
00:06:05,110 --> 00:06:03,440
bringing a lot of these we we're

171
00:06:07,270 --> 00:06:05,120
bringing two types of experiments on

172
00:06:08,550 --> 00:06:07,280
orb2 one of them are coming in the

173
00:06:09,909 --> 00:06:08,560
nanorack

174
00:06:12,390 --> 00:06:09,919
modules if you would that will be

175
00:06:14,629 --> 00:06:12,400
connected uh to the platforms on station

176
00:06:17,029 --> 00:06:14,639
and being will be run that way and then

177
00:06:19,029 --> 00:06:17,039
the other set are run through mix sticks

178
00:06:21,590 --> 00:06:19,039
where the crew will essentially activate

179
00:06:22,870 --> 00:06:21,600
them by uh engaging the the mixtig and

180
00:06:25,029 --> 00:06:22,880
breaking it through and having those

181
00:06:26,790 --> 00:06:25,039
contents mix

182
00:06:28,629 --> 00:06:26,800
beyond the things that are on cygnus

183
00:06:30,309 --> 00:06:28,639
what are the uh give me two of the other

184
00:06:32,870 --> 00:06:30,319
things that we should be looking forward

185
00:06:34,710 --> 00:06:32,880
to in the rest of expedition 40. well we

186
00:06:36,629 --> 00:06:34,720
definitely have another education

187
00:06:38,710 --> 00:06:36,639
focused uh activity coming up with

188
00:06:40,870 --> 00:06:38,720
spheres zero robotic

189
00:06:42,629 --> 00:06:40,880
this is a competition that is held

190
00:06:44,230 --> 00:06:42,639
annually with uh

191
00:06:46,469 --> 00:06:44,240
students from all over

192
00:06:48,230 --> 00:06:46,479
the world and mit coordinates that and

193
00:06:50,870 --> 00:06:48,240
the spheres facility which we've already

194
00:06:53,270 --> 00:06:50,880
seen a couple of other investigations uh

195
00:06:55,990 --> 00:06:53,280
being used for that uh will will host uh

196
00:06:57,589 --> 00:06:56,000
host this uh zero robotics competition

197
00:06:58,550 --> 00:06:57,599
and i think that'll be very exciting to

198
00:06:59,909 --> 00:06:58,560
see that

199
00:07:02,710 --> 00:06:59,919
uh we're also

200
00:07:05,029 --> 00:07:02,720
continuing all of the the bass uh

201
00:07:07,830 --> 00:07:05,039
combustion experiments uh and a

202
00:07:10,790 --> 00:07:07,840
counterpart investigation called flex 2

203
00:07:12,070 --> 00:07:10,800
that also looks at combustion and and

204
00:07:13,110 --> 00:07:12,080
trying to understand how to make better

205
00:07:14,230 --> 00:07:13,120
fuels

206
00:07:15,830 --> 00:07:14,240
out of those

207
00:07:17,909 --> 00:07:15,840
so a lot of that um i did want to

208
00:07:19,749 --> 00:07:17,919
mention we also have the

209
00:07:22,070 --> 00:07:19,759
types of investigations that you you

210
00:07:23,589 --> 00:07:22,080
don't see actively uh perform the human

211
00:07:26,390 --> 00:07:23,599
body uh there's a variety of

212
00:07:27,830 --> 00:07:26,400
investigations that are coming up

213
00:07:29,189 --> 00:07:27,840
where we only take data from the crew

214
00:07:31,110 --> 00:07:29,199
members

215
00:07:32,309 --> 00:07:31,120
before they fly and after

216
00:07:34,790 --> 00:07:32,319
they return

217
00:07:36,790 --> 00:07:34,800
and uh they'll be they'll be uh

218
00:07:37,990 --> 00:07:36,800
investigating some of those uh and it's

219
00:07:39,670 --> 00:07:38,000
interesting because you don't see that

220
00:07:41,029 --> 00:07:39,680
happening and we often forget to mention

221
00:07:43,029 --> 00:07:41,039
it we don't have an activity we don't

222
00:07:44,710 --> 00:07:43,039
have anything that you can directly it's

223
00:07:46,869 --> 00:07:44,720
another example of the crew members

224
00:07:48,550 --> 00:07:46,879
being experiment subjects even though

225
00:07:50,550 --> 00:07:48,560
they're not doing something specific to

226
00:07:51,909 --> 00:07:50,560
that experiment during the time they're

227
00:07:53,270 --> 00:07:51,919
up there finding out how they're

228
00:07:54,869 --> 00:07:53,280
impacted exactly we're all looking

229
00:07:55,990 --> 00:07:54,879
forward to seeing what comes next thanks

230
00:07:59,110 --> 00:07:56,000
very much